Does a Citronella Plant Flower and What to Expect

Yes, a citronella plant can flower, but it’s not the main reason gardeners grow it. While it produces small, subtle blooms, its true value lies in its strong citrus scent that naturally repels insects. With proper care, you can enjoy both its fragrance and occasional flowers.

Key Takeaways

• Citronella plants do flower: Though not showy, they produce small white or pale pink blooms in summer under ideal conditions.
• Flowers are secondary to scent: The plant’s mosquito-repelling power comes from its aromatic oils, not its flowers.
• Proper sunlight is key: Full sun (6+ hours daily) encourages healthy growth and increases the chance of flowering.
• Pruning promotes blooms: Regular trimming helps the plant bush out and can stimulate flowering.
• Not all “citronella” plants are true citronella: Many sold as “citronella plants” are actually scented geraniums (Pelargonium citrosum), which behave differently.
• Flowering depends on maturity: Younger plants focus on foliage; flowering typically begins in the second growing season.
• Indoor plants rarely flower: Without enough light and space, indoor citronella plants usually stay foliage-only.

Introduction: The Allure of the Citronella Plant

If you’ve ever sat on a summer patio swatting away mosquitoes, you’ve probably heard of citronella. That familiar, zesty scent in candles and sprays comes from citronella oil—extracted from certain grasses like *Cymbopogon nardus* and *Cymbopogon winterianus*. But what about the so-called “citronella plant” you see at garden centers? Can it actually flower? And does it really keep bugs away?

The short answer is yes—citronella plants can flower, but don’t expect a floral spectacle. These plants are grown more for their powerful citrus aroma than for their blooms. In fact, many people are surprised to learn that the potted “citronella plant” commonly sold in stores isn’t even true citronella grass. Instead, it’s usually a type of scented geranium (*Pelargonium citrosum*), bred to mimic the scent. This mix-up leads to confusion about its care, growth, and flowering habits.

Still, whether you’re growing true citronella grass or a citronella-scented geranium, understanding their blooming potential helps set realistic expectations. This guide will walk you through everything you need to know about citronella plant flowering—what to expect, how to encourage it, and why it might not be the main event in your garden.

What Is a Citronella Plant, Really?

Before diving into flowering, it’s important to clarify what we mean by “citronella plant.” The term is often used loosely, leading to misconceptions.

True Citronella Grass

True citronella comes from species in the *Cymbopogon* genus, native to tropical regions like Sri Lanka and Indonesia. These are tall, clumping perennial grasses that can reach 5–6 feet in height. They’re grown commercially for essential oil extraction. While they do produce flower spikes in their native habitat, they rarely flower in cooler climates or when grown in containers.

Scented Geraniums (The “Citronella Plant” You Buy)

Most garden centers sell a plant labeled “citronella plant” that’s actually a hybrid scented geranium. Its scientific name is often listed as *Pelargonium citrosum* or *Pelargonium graveolens* ‘Citriodorum.’ These are not grasses but members of the geranium family. They have soft, fuzzy leaves and a strong lemon-citrus scent when crushed. This is the plant most home gardeners grow for mosquito repellent purposes.

Why the Confusion?

The confusion stems from marketing. Scented geraniums are easy to grow, look attractive in pots, and smell like citronella—so they’re branded as “citronella plants” for consumer appeal. But they’re not the same as the grasses used in commercial citronella products. Knowing which type you have helps set proper expectations for flowering and care.

Do Citronella Plants Actually Flower?

Now for the big question: do citronella plants flower? The answer depends on the type of plant you’re growing.

Flowering in Scented Geraniums

Yes, scented geraniums—often sold as “citronella plants”—do flower. In the right conditions, they produce clusters of small, five-petaled flowers in shades of white, pale pink, or lavender. These blooms typically appear in late spring through summer and can last several weeks. However, the flowers are not particularly showy. They’re delicate and often go unnoticed unless you’re looking closely.

For example, a well-cared-for *Pelargonium citrosum* on a sunny porch might produce a few dozen tiny blooms over a month. While charming, they’re not the reason most people buy the plant. The real star is the foliage, which releases that unmistakable citrus scent when brushed or crushed.

Flowering in True Citronella Grass

True citronella grass (*Cymbopogon nardus*) can also flower, but it’s less common in home gardens. In tropical climates, it produces tall, feathery flower spikes that rise above the foliage. These can reach several feet in height and are more dramatic than geranium blooms. However, in temperate zones or when grown in pots, citronella grass rarely flowers. It focuses its energy on leaf production, especially if it’s not getting enough warmth or light.

Why Flowering Isn’t the Main Event

Whether you’re growing scented geraniums or true citronella grass, flowering is a bonus—not the primary goal. Gardeners grow these plants for their aromatic leaves, which naturally deter mosquitoes, flies, and other insects. The scent comes from essential oils like citronellal and geraniol, which are released when the leaves are disturbed. So even if your plant never blooms, it’s still doing its job.

What Conditions Encourage Flowering?

If you’d like to see your citronella plant flower, you’ll need to provide the right environment. While flowering isn’t guaranteed, these tips can increase your chances.

Sunlight: The #1 Factor

Citronella plants—especially scented geraniums—need full sun to thrive and bloom. Aim for at least 6 hours of direct sunlight per day. Morning sun with afternoon shade is ideal in hot climates, but don’t skimp on light. Plants grown in partial shade may grow leaves but rarely flower.

For example, a geranium on a south-facing windowsill or a sunny patio will have a much better chance of blooming than one tucked in a dim corner.

Watering and Drainage

These plants prefer well-draining soil and don’t like to sit in water. Overwatering can lead to root rot and discourage flowering. Water when the top inch of soil feels dry, and always use a pot with drainage holes. In hot weather, you may need to water every few days; in cooler months, cut back.

Fertilizing for Blooms

A balanced, water-soluble fertilizer applied every 4–6 weeks during the growing season (spring to early fall) can encourage flowering. Look for a formula with equal parts nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (like 10-10-10). Phosphorus supports flower development, so a bloom booster (higher in phosphorus) can help.

Avoid over-fertilizing, especially with high-nitrogen formulas, as this promotes leafy growth at the expense of flowers.

Pruning and Pinching

Regular pruning keeps your plant bushy and healthy. Pinch back the tips of new growth to encourage branching. This not only improves the plant’s shape but also stimulates more flowering sites. Remove spent blooms (deadheading) to encourage repeat flowering.

For instance, if you notice your geranium getting leggy, trim it back by one-third in early summer. You’ll likely see new growth and more buds within a few weeks.

Temperature and Seasonality

Citronella plants are warm-season growers. They thrive in temperatures between 65°F and 85°F (18°C–29°C). Cooler temperatures slow growth and reduce flowering. If you live in a cold climate, bring potted plants indoors before the first frost. However, indoor plants often struggle to flower due to lower light levels.

Common Misconceptions About Citronella Plant Flowers

There are several myths surrounding citronella plants and their blooms. Let’s clear them up.

“The flowers are what repel mosquitoes.”

False. The mosquito-repelling scent comes from the leaves, not the flowers. Crushing a leaf releases the essential oils that deter insects. The flowers themselves have little to no scent and play no role in pest control.

“If it doesn’t flower, it’s not working.”

Not true. A healthy citronella plant can repel bugs even if it never blooms. In fact, many gardeners prefer to pinch off flower buds to encourage more leaf growth—since more leaves mean more scent.

“All citronella plants are the same.”

As discussed earlier, there’s a big difference between true citronella grass and scented geraniums. They have different care needs, growth habits, and flowering patterns. Always check the plant tag or ask the seller to know what you’re growing.

Tips for Growing a Healthy, Flowering Citronella Plant

Want to maximize your chances of seeing blooms? Follow these practical tips.

Choose the Right Variety

If flowering is a priority, opt for a scented geranium known for blooming, such as ‘Lady Scarborough’ or ‘Prince of Orange.’ These varieties are more likely to produce flowers than others.

Use a Large Pot

Citronella plants grow best in containers that are at least 12 inches in diameter. A larger pot gives roots room to expand, which supports healthier growth and flowering.

Rotate the Plant

Turn your potted plant every few days to ensure even light exposure. This prevents lopsided growth and encourages uniform flowering.

Watch for Pests

Aphids, spider mites, and whiteflies can stress your plant and reduce flowering. Inspect leaves regularly and treat infestations early with insecticidal soap or neem oil.

Be Patient

Young plants often focus on establishing roots and foliage before flowering. If your plant is less than a year old, don’t worry if it doesn’t bloom right away. Give it time, proper care, and sunlight.

Conclusion: Enjoy the Scent, Appreciate the Blooms

So, does a citronella plant flower? Yes—but with some caveats. Scented geraniums (the most common “citronella plants”) can produce small, delicate flowers in summer, especially with plenty of sun and proper care. True citronella grass may flower in tropical climates but rarely does so in home gardens.

Still, flowering isn’t the main reason to grow these plants. Their true magic lies in their aromatic leaves, which fill your outdoor space with a fresh, citrusy scent that naturally keeps mosquitoes at bay. Whether your plant blooms or not, you’ll still enjoy a healthier, more pleasant patio experience.

By understanding the differences between plant types, providing the right conditions, and managing expectations, you can grow a thriving citronella plant that delights your senses—flowers or no flowers. So go ahead, plant one in a sunny spot, give it a little love, and breathe in that refreshing, bug-repelling aroma.

Frequently Asked Questions

Do citronella plants flower indoors?

Indoor citronella plants rarely flower due to insufficient light. While they can grow well on sunny windowsills, most homes don’t provide enough direct sunlight to trigger blooming. For best results, grow them outdoors during warm months.

How often do citronella plants bloom?

Scented geraniums may bloom once or twice during the summer if conditions are ideal. Flowering is not continuous, and blooms typically last a few weeks. Deadheading spent flowers can encourage a second round.

Can I eat the flowers of a citronella plant?

The flowers of scented geraniums are generally non-toxic and can be used as edible garnishes in salads or desserts. However, avoid eating true citronella grass flowers, as they are not intended for consumption.

Why isn’t my citronella plant flowering?

Common reasons include insufficient sunlight, overwatering, lack of nutrients, or the plant being too young. Ensure it gets 6+ hours of sun daily, use well-draining soil, and fertilize monthly during the growing season.

Do citronella plant flowers smell like citronella?

No, the flowers themselves have little to no scent. The citronella-like aroma comes only from the leaves when they are crushed or brushed against.

Should I remove the flowers from my citronella plant?

It’s optional. Some gardeners remove flowers to redirect energy into leaf growth, which increases scent production. Others enjoy the blooms for their subtle beauty. Either way, the plant will still repel insects.