Planting flower bulbs in spring is a rewarding way to add color and life to your garden after winter. With the right selection and care, you can enjoy dazzling blooms from late spring through summer. This guide covers the top bulbs, planting tips, and expert advice for a flourishing garden.
Spring is a magical time for gardeners. After months of cold weather, the soil begins to warm, and the days grow longer—perfect conditions for planting flower bulbs that will burst into bloom during the summer months. While many people associate bulb planting with fall (think tulips and daffodils), spring is actually the ideal time to plant a different category of bulbs: those that bloom in summer. These vibrant, eye-catching flowers can transform your garden into a colorful oasis, attracting pollinators and adding curb appeal to your home.
If you’re looking to create a stunning floral display, knowing which flower bulbs to plant in spring is key. Unlike their fall-planted cousins, spring-planted bulbs thrive in warmer soil and produce bold, long-lasting blooms. From the towering spikes of gladiolus to the lush, dinner-plate-sized flowers of dahlias, these bulbs offer a wide range of colors, shapes, and sizes. With proper planting and care, you can enjoy a garden that’s alive with color from June through September.
Key Takeaways
- Choose the right bulbs: Not all bulbs are planted in spring—focus on summer-blooming varieties like lilies, dahlias, and gladiolus.
- Plant at the correct depth: A general rule is to plant bulbs three times their height deep for strong root development.
- Ensure good drainage: Most spring-planted bulbs rot in soggy soil, so amend heavy clay or low-lying areas.
- Fertilize at planting: Use a balanced bulb fertilizer to give your flowers a strong start and encourage blooming.
- Consider bloom time: Mix early, mid, and late summer bloomers for continuous color in your garden.
- Protect from pests: Use physical barriers or natural repellents to keep squirrels and deer from digging up your bulbs.
- Deadhead and care post-bloom: Removing spent flowers and allowing foliage to die back naturally helps bulbs store energy for next year.
📑 Table of Contents
Why Plant Flower Bulbs in Spring?
Spring planting offers several advantages over other times of the year. First, the soil is workable and warming up, which encourages strong root growth. This is especially important for summer-blooming bulbs, which need a strong foundation to support their large, showy flowers. Additionally, planting in spring allows you to see exactly where your existing perennials and shrubs are growing, making it easier to plan your layout without disturbing established plants.
Another benefit is timing. By planting in spring, you avoid the rush of fall planting and can take your time selecting the best bulbs. You also get to enjoy the anticipation of watching your garden come to life as the weather improves. Plus, many spring-planted bulbs are tender and can’t survive winter in colder zones, so spring is literally the only chance to grow them in those regions.
Top Flower Bulbs to Plant in Spring
When it comes to choosing the best flower bulbs to plant in spring, focus on summer bloomers that thrive in warm conditions. Here are some of the most popular and reliable options:
Dahlias
Dahlias are the showstoppers of the summer garden. With blooms ranging from petite pom-poms to massive dinner-plate varieties, they come in nearly every color except true blue. Plant dahlia tubers after the last frost when the soil has warmed to at least 60°F. Space them 18 to 24 inches apart and plant 6 to 8 inches deep. Stake taller varieties to prevent breakage in windy weather. Dahlias love full sun and well-drained soil, and they’ll reward you with flowers from midsummer until the first frost.
Gladiolus
Known for their tall, dramatic flower spikes, gladiolus are perfect for adding vertical interest to borders or cutting gardens. These corms (a type of bulb) should be planted in spring once the soil is warm. Plant them 4 to 6 inches deep and 6 to 8 inches apart in full sun. For a longer bloom period, stagger your planting every two weeks until early summer. Gladiolus come in a rainbow of colors and are excellent for bouquets—just cut the stems in the morning when the lowest flowers begin to open.
Lilies
Lilies, especially Asiatic and Oriental varieties, are beloved for their bold colors and intoxicating fragrance. Plant lily bulbs in spring, about 6 to 8 inches deep, with the pointed end facing up. They prefer well-drained soil and partial to full sun. Lilies multiply over time, creating stunning clumps that bloom in early to midsummer. Be sure to protect them from deer, which find lilies particularly tasty.
Cannas
Cannas bring a tropical flair to any garden with their large, banana-like leaves and vibrant flower spikes. These rhizomes should be planted in spring after the danger of frost has passed. Soak them in water for a few hours before planting to jumpstart growth. Plant 4 to 6 inches deep in rich, moist soil and full sun. Cannas grow quickly and can reach heights of 6 feet or more, making them ideal for the back of borders or as focal points.
Calla Lilies
Calla lilies are elegant and modern, with sleek, trumpet-shaped blooms in white, pink, yellow, and even deep purple. These rhizomes prefer warm, moist conditions and should be planted in spring once the soil temperature is consistently above 60°F. Plant them 4 inches deep and 12 to 18 inches apart in partial shade to full sun. Calla lilies are perfect for water gardens or containers and bloom in midsummer.
Begonias (Tuberous)
Tuberous begonias produce lush, rose-like flowers in shades of pink, red, orange, and white. They thrive in partial shade, making them ideal for woodland gardens or shady borders. Plant the tubers in spring, hollow side up, just below the soil surface. Keep the soil consistently moist but not soggy. Begonias bloom from summer to fall and are excellent in hanging baskets or window boxes.
How to Plant Spring Flower Bulbs
Planting flower bulbs in spring is simple, but a few key steps ensure success. Start by choosing a sunny or partially shaded location with well-drained soil. Avoid areas where water pools after rain, as most bulbs rot in wet conditions.
Prepare the Soil
Loosen the soil to a depth of 12 to 15 inches and mix in compost or well-rotted manure to improve fertility and drainage. If your soil is heavy clay, consider raised beds or adding sand and organic matter to prevent waterlogging.
Planting Depth and Spacing
As a general rule, plant bulbs three times their height deep. For example, a 2-inch-tall bulb should go 6 inches deep. Space bulbs according to the package instructions—usually 6 to 12 inches apart—to allow room for growth and airflow.
Watering and Mulching
After planting, water thoroughly to settle the soil and encourage root development. Apply a 2- to 3-inch layer of mulch (like shredded bark or straw) to retain moisture, regulate soil temperature, and suppress weeds. Avoid piling mulch directly against the stems once plants emerge.
Fertilizing
At planting time, mix a slow-release bulb fertilizer into the soil. This provides essential nutrients for strong growth and blooming. Avoid high-nitrogen fertilizers, which promote leafy growth at the expense of flowers.
Caring for Your Spring-Planted Bulbs
Once your bulbs are in the ground, consistent care helps them reach their full potential.
Watering
Keep the soil evenly moist, especially during dry spells. Summer-blooming bulbs need regular water to support their rapid growth and flowering. However, avoid overwatering, which can lead to rot.
Staking and Support
Tall plants like gladiolus and dahlias may need staking to prevent them from toppling over. Use bamboo stakes or tomato cages early in the season, before the plants get too large.
Deadheading
Remove spent flowers to encourage more blooms and prevent the plant from putting energy into seed production. For dahlias and gladiolus, cut the stem back to a set of healthy leaves.
Post-Bloom Care
After flowering, allow the foliage to yellow and die back naturally. This process allows the bulb to store energy for next year. Do not cut back leaves until they are completely brown. In colder zones, tender bulbs like dahlias and cannas should be dug up in fall, stored in a cool, dry place, and replanted the following spring.
Design Tips for a Stunning Bulb Garden
Creating a beautiful garden isn’t just about planting—it’s about design. Combine different heights, colors, and textures for a dynamic display. Plant tall gladiolus at the back of borders, with mid-height dahlias and lilies in the middle, and low-growing begonias at the front. Use repeating colors or patterns to create cohesion, or go bold with contrasting hues for a vibrant, eclectic look.
Consider companion planting with annuals like marigolds or petunias to fill gaps and extend the bloom season. Group bulbs in odd numbers (3, 5, or 7) for a more natural, appealing arrangement. And don’t forget containers—many spring-planted bulbs thrive in pots and can be moved around to highlight different areas of your yard.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
Even experienced gardeners make mistakes. One of the most common is planting too early—before the soil has warmed. This can lead to rot or delayed growth. Another is planting too shallow, which exposes bulbs to temperature fluctuations and pests.
Overcrowding is another issue. While it’s tempting to pack in as many bulbs as possible, they need space to grow and multiply. Finally, forgetting to protect bulbs from animals can result in disappointment. Use wire mesh or repellents to keep critters at bay.
With the right flower bulbs to plant in spring and a little care, your garden can be a riot of color and life all summer long. Whether you’re a beginner or a seasoned gardener, these tips will help you create a stunning, blooming paradise.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can I plant flower bulbs in spring if I missed the fall planting?
Yes! While fall is ideal for spring-blooming bulbs like tulips, spring is the perfect time to plant summer-blooming varieties such as dahlias, gladiolus, and lilies.
Do spring-planted bulbs come back every year?
It depends on the type and your climate. Hardy bulbs like lilies may return yearly, while tender bulbs like dahlias and cannas need to be dug up and stored in colder regions.
How deep should I plant spring flower bulbs?
A good rule of thumb is to plant bulbs three times their height deep. For example, a 2-inch bulb goes 6 inches deep.
What’s the difference between a bulb, corm, and tuber?
Bulbs (like lilies) are layered storage organs, corms (like gladiolus) are solid and rounded, and tubers (like dahlias) are thick, fleshy roots. All are planted similarly in spring.
Can I plant spring bulbs in containers?
Absolutely! Many spring-planted bulbs thrive in pots. Just ensure the container has drainage holes and use high-quality potting mix.
When should I fertilize my spring-planted bulbs?
Fertilize at planting time with a balanced bulb fertilizer, and again when shoots emerge. Avoid over-fertilizing, which can harm roots and reduce blooming.